Alan Chow on why rubato isn’t the only way to be expressive
Eastman’s piano chair on soft dynamics, pedal, pulse and ways to be expressive beyond rubato.
Alan Chow is professor of piano and chair of the piano department at the Eastman School of Music. He won first prize at the Concert Artists Guild International Competition and the silver medal at the Gina Bachauer International Piano Competition, and has given recitals and concerto performances in nearly all 50 states.
Here are eight of his best tips, taken from feedback he gave young pianists after live performances, with a link to each moment on video.
1. Rubato is only one way to be expressive
Sometimes we think of expression as being rubato, and that is only one element of it.
Alan Chow
2. If everything is special, nothing is
If everything is special, sometimes it’s hard to figure out what really is the most special part of it. Thinking more about the overall structure would create a stronger unity.
Alan Chow
3. A steady pulse holds the music together
With these character changes, the unity of a steady pulse can hold all of the music together in a more cohesive way.
Alan Chow
4. Your piano is an orchestra
Whenever we think about Mozart’s melodies, we’re thinking orchestrally or operatically. The piano is our orchestra, so we have lots of possibilities, not only with dynamics but also with touch and articulation.
Alan Chow
5. Use the soft end of the range
At the lower end, piano, pianissimo, triple piano, there could be even softer dynamics to create a wider contrast.
Alan Chow
6. Feel it in two, not four
Perhaps feel it in two as opposed to four, to give it a little more energy and a little more direction.
Alan Chow
7. A long line still needs rhythm
It was almost a little too smooth. You can still create the long line, but give us a little more of the rhythm.
Alan Chow
8. Try thin layers of pedal
I wouldn’t mind a little more pedal, for a little more shimmer in the sound. The pedaling can be harmonic, maybe just thin layers of pedal.
Alan Chow
Quotes are lightly edited for length and clarity. They come from Mr. Chow’s comments as a judge at the 2023 Piano Star International Competition. You can watch the full performances and feedback on the Piano League YouTube channel.
Quick question
Which do you lean on most to be expressive?
Have a story tip or a correction? Tell us.